Umgangatho wokukhanyisa ubhekisela ekubeni umthombo wokukhanyisa udibana nezibonakaliso zokukhanyisa ezifana nomsebenzi obonakalayo, induduzo ebonakalayo, ukhuseleko, kunye nobuhle obubonakalayo.
Ukusetyenziswa okuchanekileyo kwezikhombisi zekhwalithi zokukhanyisa kuya kuzisa amava amatsha kwindawo yakho yokukhanyisa, ngakumbi kwixesha lokukhanyisa kwe-LED, apho ukusebenza komgangatho wokukhanya kubaluleke kakhulu.Ukusebenzisa izikhombisi zomgangatho wokukhanyisa ukuthenga iimveliso zomthombo wokukhanya kwe-LED kuya kuzisa ukukhanya okungaphezulu ngomzamo omncinci.Iziphumo, ngezantsi, sazisa izikhombisi eziphambili zokukhanya komgangatho.
1. Ubushushu bombala
Ngumbala okhanyayo wokukhanya okumhlophe, owahlula ukuba umbala okhanyayo wokukhanya okumhlophe unobomvu okanye obomvu.Ibonakaliswa ngubushushu obupheleleyo kwaye iyunithi yi-K (Kelvin).Ngokuqhelekileyo uluhlu lobushushu lombala wokukhanya kwangaphakathi yi-2800K-6500K.
Okona kukhanya kuqhelekileyo ukukhanya okumhlophe kukukhanya kwelanga.Njengoko sonke sisazi, ukukhanya kwelanga ngumxube wemibala emininzi yokukhanya.Phakathi kwabo, eyona nto ibalulekileyo kukukhanya okubomvu, okuluhlaza kunye nohlaza okwesibhakabhaka.
Ukukhanya okumhlophe kusebenzisa isalathisi sombala wobushushu ukuchaza umbala okhanyayo.Xa ukukhanya okumhlophe kuqulethe amacandelo okukhanya okuluhlaza okwesibhakabhaka, umbala wokukhanya omhlophe uya kuba bluish (kubanda, njengelanga lasemantla ebusika emini).Xa ukukhanya okumhlophe kuqulethe amacandelo okukhanya okubomvu ngakumbi, umbala wokukhanya omhlophe uya kuba nomkhethe.Ubomvu (ukufudumala, njengokukhanya kwelanga kusasa nakusihlwa), ukushisa kombala yindlela yodwa yokubonisa umbala wokukhanya okumhlophe.
Ukukhanya okumhlophe kwemithombo yokukhanya eyenziweyo kwenziwa ngokuxuba ukukhanya kwemibala emininzi.Kwimithombo yokukhanya eyenziweyo, sikwasebenzisa ubushushu bombala ukuchaza umbala okhanyayo wokukhanya okumhlophe;Uhlalutyo lomzimba lokukhanya okumhlophe, ngokuqhelekileyo sithatha indlela yohlalutyo lwe-spectral, kwaye uhlalutyo lwe-spectral lokukhanya okumhlophe ludinga ukuveliswa kovavanyo olukhethekileyo lwe-Instrument.
2. Unikezelo lombala
Linqanaba lokubuyiselwa kombala ongaphezulu wento ekhanyisiweyo ngumthombo wokukhanya okhanyayo.Ibonakaliswa ngesalathiso sombala we-Ra.Ra isukela 0-100.Ixabiso elikufutshane le-Ra liyi-100, iphezulu yokunikezelwa kombala kunye nokubuyiselwa kombala wento ekhanyisiweyo.Unikezelo lombala lomthombo wokukhanya lufuna uvavanyo lwesixhobo sobuchule.
Inokubonwa kwi-spectrum yelanga ukuba i-solar spectrum iyona nto ininzi kunye nomthombo wokukhanya onombala obalaseleyo.Umbala wemithombo yokukhanya eyenziweyo usoloko ungaphantsi kunokukhanya kwelanga.Ngoko ke, indlela efanelekileyo yokuchonga ukunikezelwa kombala wemithombo yokukhanya eyenziweyo kunye Indlela elula yokuthelekisa ukukhanya kwelanga kukuthelekisa umbala wesundu okanye ubuso phantsi kokukhanya kwelanga kunye nomthombo wokukhanya owenziweyo.Ukusondela kumbala phantsi kokukhanya kwelanga, ngcono ukunikezelwa kombala.Unokujonga kwakhona intende yesundu ejongene nomthombo wokukhanya.Ukuba umbala wesundu ungwevu okanye utyheli, ukunikezelwa kombala akulunganga.Ukuba umbala wesundu ubomvu ngegazi, ukunikezelwa kombala kuqhelekileyo
3. Ixabiso lokukhanyisa lomthombo wokukhanya
Ukukhanya kukukhanya okukhanyayo komthombo wokukhanya okhanyisa indawo yeyunithi yento ekhanyisiweyo.Ibonisa iqondo lokukhanya kunye nobumnyama bomphezulu wento ekhanyisiweyo, echazwe kwi-Lux (Lx).Ukuphakama kwexabiso lokukhanya kwendawo ekhanyayo, into ekhanyayo iyakhanyiswa.
Ubungakanani bexabiso lokukhanya bunobuninzi bokwenza umgama ukusuka kumthombo wokukhanya ukuya kwinto ekhanyisiweyo.Okukhona umgama ukude, kokukhona lisezantsi ixabiso lokukhanyisa.Ixabiso lokukhanyisa likwanxulumene nejika lokusabalalisa ukukhanya kwesibane.Incinci i-angle yokukhanya kwesibane, iphezulu ixabiso lokukhanyisa.Okukhona i-engile yokuphuma kokukhanya, kokukhona lisezantsi ixabiso lokukhanyisa;ixabiso lokukhanyisa kufuneka livavanywe ngesixhobo esikhethekileyo.
Ukusuka kwindawo yokujonga i-photometric, i-flux ekhanyayo sesona salathisi siphambili.Njengemveliso yokukhanyisa, ikakhulu ibonisa ukukhanya kobuso bento ekhanyisiweyo.Ixabiso lokukhanyisa lisetyenziselwa ukuchaza umphumo wokukhanyisa ngokuchanekileyo.Ixabiso lokukhanyisa izibane zangaphakathi libonisa ukukhanya kwangaphakathi Ukukhanya kunye nobumnyama, ukukhanya okuphezulu kakhulu kunye nokukhanya okuphantsi kakhulu kunempembelelo kwimpilo yamehlo omntu.
4. Ijika lokuhambisa ukukhanya kwesibane
Umphumo wokukhanyisa wangaphakathi uhambelana nokuhlelwa kwezibane kunye ne-curve yokusabalalisa ukukhanya kwezibane.Isiphumo esihle sokukhanyisa sibonakala kwisakhiwo esifanelekileyo sezibane kunye nokusetyenziswa okuchanekileyo kokusabalalisa ukukhanya kwezibane.Ukucwangciswa kwezibane kunye nokusabalalisa ukukhanya kwezibane kugqiba umsebenzi obonakalayo kunye nokuthuthuzela okubonakalayo kokukhanya kwangaphakathi, kwaye kubonakalisa ingqiqo ye-three-dimensional kunye nokubekwa kwendawo yokukhanyisa.Phakathi kwabo, ukusetyenziswa kokukhanya okufanelekileyo kwezibane kunokuphucula umgangatho wokukhanyisa indawo yonke yokukhanyisa.
Indima yezibane kukulungisa nokukhusela umthombo wokukhanya, kunye nokuhlobisa nokuhlobisa indawo.Enye injongo yesibane kukusasaza kwakhona ukukhanya komthombo wokukhanya ukuze ukukhanya komthombo wokukhanya kuphume ukukhanya ngokweengile yokuphuma kokukhanya koyilo lwesibane.Oku kubizwa ngokuba kukwabiwa kokukhanya kwesibane.
Ijika lokusabalalisa ukukhanya kwesibane lichaza ifom yokukhutshwa kokukhanya kwesibane.Incinci i-angle yokusabalalisa ukukhanya, iya kuqaqamba ngakumbi iya kwenza abantu bazive.Ijika lokusabalalisa ukukhanya kwesibane livavanywa ngesixhobo esikhethekileyo.
5. Ukusebenza okukhanyayo komthombo wokukhanya
Ukukhanya komthombo wokukhanya kuchazwa ngumbane okhanyayo.Iyunithi ye-luminous flux yi-lumens (lm).Okukhona ukukhanya okukhanyayo kuphezulu, kokukhona ukuqaqamba komthombo wokukhanya.Umlinganiselo wokuhamba okukhanyayo komthombo wokukhanya kusetyenziso lwamandla omthombo wokukhanya ubizwa ngokuba bubuchule obukhanyayo bomthombo wokukhanya, kwaye iyunithi yi-lm./w (ilumens ngewathi nganye)
Ukusebenza okukhanyayo komthombo wokukhanya kuyisalathisi esibalulekileyo somgangatho womthombo wokukhanya.Okukhona uphezulu ukusebenza kakuhle komthombo wokukhanya, kokukhona ukonga amandla ngakumbi umthombo wokukhanya.Ukusebenza okukhanyayo komthombo wokukhanya kwe-LED malunga ne-90-130 lm / w, kunye nokusebenza okukhanyayo kwezibane zokulondoloza amandla yi-48-80 lm / w.Ukusebenza okukhanyayo kwezibane ze-incandescent yi-9-12 lm / w, kunye nokusebenza okukhanyayo komgangatho ompofu wemithombo yokukhanya ye-LED kuphela yi-60-80 lm / w.Iimveliso ezinokukhanya okuphezulu kakhulu zinomgangatho wokukhanya osemgangathweni.
6. Ukusebenza kwesibane
Izibane zangaphakathi azifane zisebenzise umthombo wokukhanya wodwa.Ngokuqhelekileyo umthombo wokukhanya usetyenziswa kwi-luminaire.Emva kokuba umthombo wokukhanya ubekwe kwi-luminaire, ukuphuma kokukhanya kwe-luminaire kungaphantsi kunomthombo omnye wokukhanya.Umlinganiselo wezi zimbini ubizwa ngokuba yi-luminaire efficiently, ephezulu., Ebonisa ukuba umgangatho wokuvelisa izibane ulungile, kwaye isalathisi sokugcina amandla sezibane siphezulu.Ukusebenza kwesibane sisalathiso esibalulekileyo sokulinganisa umgangatho wezibane.Ngokuthelekisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwezibane, umgangatho wezibane unokuvavanywa ngokungathanga ngqo.
Ubudlelwane phakathi kokukhanya okukhanyayo komthombo wokukhanya, ukusebenza kakuhle kwesikhanyiso, kunye nexabiso lokukhanya kwesikhanyiso kukuba ukuphuma kokukhanya okukhanyayo kokukhanya kuhambelana kuphela nokusebenza kakuhle kwesikhanyiso, kunye nexabiso eliqaqambileyo lokukhanya. i-luminaire ihambelana ngokuthe ngqo nokusebenza okukhanyayo komthombo wokukhanya.Ijika elikhanyayo linxulumene.
7, ilitha
Kuthetha iqondo lokungaboni kakuhle okubangelwa kukukhanya komthombo wokukhanya.Ngokwemigaqo yabantu abaqhelekileyo, xa uziva ukuba umthombo wokukhanya uyakhazimla, oko kuthetha ukuba umthombo wokukhanya unokukhanya.Esitratweni ebusuku, xa inqwelo-mafutha enezibane ezikhanyayo isiza, ukukhanya okuqaqambileyo esikubonayo kulitha.Ilitha linokwenza abantu bazive bengakhululekanga lide libangele ubumfama bokwexeshana.Ilitha lokukhanya kwangaphakathi liyingozi ebantwaneni.Kwaye abantu abadala banempembelelo enkulu, kwaye i-glare ichaphazela umgangatho wokukhanyisa, okuyingxaki efanele ukuqwalaselwa.
Ingxaki ye-glare kunye nezalathi zokulondoloza amandla zokukhanya kwangaphakathi kunye nokukhanyisa zithintelwe ngokufanayo.Ukuba umthombo owodwa wokukhanya ukhanya ngokwaneleyo, kuya kubakho iingxaki ze-glare, oko kukuthi, okubizwa ngokuba "ukukhanya okwaneleyo kuya kukhanya".Ingxaki yelitha kufuneka ilinganise okuhle kunye nokubi.
8. Strobe
Umthombo wokukhanya we-stroboscopic yinto apho ukukhanya komthombo wokukhanya kutshintsha kunye nexesha.Xa usebenza phantsi komthombo wokukhanya we-stroboscopic ixesha elide, kuya kubangela ukukhathala okubonakalayo.Ubuninzi bexesha le-stroboscopic lomthombo wokukhanya yi-0.02 imizuzwana, ngelixa ixesha lokuhlala elibonakalayo leliso lomntu Liyi-0.04 imizuzwana.
Ixesha le-stroboscopic lomthombo wokukhanya likhawuleza kunexesha elibonakalayo lokuhlala kwiliso lomntu, ngoko ke umbono womntu awunakuva ukuba umthombo wokukhanya udanyaza, kodwa iiseli ezibonakalayo zeliso lomntu ziyakuva.Lo ngunobangela wokudinwa okubonakalayo.Umthombo wokukhanya uyaqhwanyaza Ukuphakama kwefrikhwensi, kokukhona kusezantsi ukudinwa okubonakalayo okubangelwa sistroboscopic.Siyibiza ngokuba yi-low-frequency flash.I-stroboscopic iya kuchaphazela ngokungazi impilo yamehlo omntu kwaye ichaphazele umgangatho wokukhanya.
I-strobe yomthombo wokukhanya ayibonakali kwiliso lomntu, ngoko ungayijonga njani?Nantsi indlela elula nesebenzayo yokwahlula istrobe yomthombo wokukhanya.Sebenzisa umsebenzi wekhamera wefowuni ephathwayo ukujolisa kumthombo wokukhanya kunye nokulungelelanisa umgama ofanelekileyo.Xa isikrini sibonakala siqaqambile kwaye simnyama siStreaks, esibonisa ukuba umthombo wokukhanya une-stroboscopic
Ukuba ikhefu lomgca licacile, oko kuthetha ukuba umthombo wokukhanya une-strobe enkulu, kwaye kukho ukukhanya okucacileyo kunye nemigca emnyama kumacala omabini omthombo wokukhanya, oku kuthetha ukuba i-strobe inkulu.Ukuba ukukhanya kunye nemigca emnyama kwisikrini imbalwa okanye incinci kakhulu, i-strobe iphantsi;ukuba imivimbo yokukhanya kunye nobumnyama ayibonakali ngokukhawuleza, Kuthetha ukuba i-strobe iphantsi kakhulu.Nangona kunjalo, ayizizo zonke iifowuni ezinokuthi zibone i-strobe.Ezinye iiselfowuni azikwazi ukubona istrobe.Xa uvavanya, kungcono ukusebenzisa iiselfowuni ezimbalwa ngakumbi ukuzama.
9. Ukhuseleko lwezixhobo zokukhanyisa
Ukhuseleko lwezixhobo zokukhanyisa lubandakanya iingxaki zokutshatyalaliswa kombane, iingxaki zokuvuza, ukutshisa ukushisa okuphezulu, iingxaki zokuqhuma, ukuthembeka kofakelo, iimpawu zokhuseleko, iimpawu zokusingqongileyo zesicelo, njl.
Ukhuseleko lwezixhobo zokukhanyisa lukhawulelwe yimigangatho yelizwe efanelekileyo.Ngokubanzi, sinokugweba ngokujonga umgangatho wembonakalo yemveliso, uphawu lwesiqinisekiso, umgangatho wenkqubo yonikezelo lwamandla okuqhuba, kunye nolwazi olufanelekileyo olunikezelwe yimveliso.Eyona ndlela ilula lixabiso lemveliso yokukhanyisa., Iimveliso zexabiso eliphezulu ziya kuba nokuthembeka okuphezulu, kwaye iimveliso ezinamaxabiso aphantsi kakhulu ziya kubangela ukuphaphama, oko kukuthi, izinto ezibizwa ngokuba yimpahla ephantsi ayilungile.
10. Iimpawu zokulondoloza amandla ezixhobo zokukhanyisa
Inqanaba eliphezulu lokukhanya bubuhle obubonakalayo.Ukuze ujabulele obu buhle, izibane ziya kuvulwa ixesha elide ukuxabisa.Ukuba ukusetyenziswa kwamandla omthombo wokukhanyisa kuphezulu kakhulu, kuya kubangela umthwalo wengqondo yomsebenzisi ngenxa yetyala lombane, eliya kubangela ukuba ubuhle obubonakalayo buyancipha, ngaloo ndlela kunciphisa ngokungathanga ngqo umgangatho wokukhanyisa, ngoko sibandakanya iimpawu zokulondoloza amandla okukhanyisa. izixhobo njengezalathi zomgangatho wokukhanyisa.
Okunxulumene nezalathi zokonga umbane zezixhobo zokukhanyisa zezi:
1) Ukusebenza okukhanyayo komthombo wokukhanya.
2), ukusebenza kakuhle kwesibane.
3) Uyilo lwesiphumo sendawo yokukhanyisa kunye nengqiqo yexabiso lokukhanya kwendawo yokukhanyisa.
4), ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla ombane wokuqhuba.
5) Ukusebenza kokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu bomthombo wokukhanya kwe-LED.
Sixoxa ngokugxininisa ukusebenza komthombo wokukhanya kwamandla okuqhuba kunye nokutshatyalaliswa kobushushu bemithombo yokukhanya kwe-LED.Kwimithombo yokukhanya ye-LED, kokukhona kuphezulu ukusebenza kakuhle kwamandla okuqhuba, kokukhona kuphezulu ukusebenza kakuhle kokukhanya komthombo wokukhanya, kunye nokonga ngakumbi komthombo wokukhanya.Ukuphumelela komthombo wamandla kunye nemeko yamandla yomthombo wamandla zimbini ezahlukeneyo Zombini izikhombisi ziphezulu, zibonisa ukuba umgangatho wamandla okuqhuba ulungile.
Ixesha lokuposa: Oct-21-2020